Consciousness Research at UNICOG
An organized bibliography of our research and main
publications in the domain of conscious versus non-conscious processing
Since
about 1995, with a large number of collaborators, Stanislas Dehaene has been studying
access to consciousness. The research has both empirical and theoretical sides.
With Lionel Naccache,
Claire Sergent, Raphaël Gaillard, Laurent Cohen
Sid Kouider, Jérôme
Sackur, and many
others, a variety of behavioral
and neuroimaging
experiments have been performed to study the contrast between subliminal versus
conscious processing of masked words and digits. With Jean-Pierre Changeux,
Stanislas Dehaene has been
developing a global neuronal workspace theory of conscious access,
including detailed neuronal network simulations.
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Framework
The
following papers summarize how our team approaches consciousness:
Stanislas Dehaene, Jean-Pierre Changeux, Lionel Naccache, Jérôme Sackur, and Claire Sergent. Conscious,
preconscious, and subliminal processing: a testable taxonomy.. Trends
Cogn Sci, April 2006. [WWW ] [PDF ]
Stanislas Dehaene and Lionel Naccache. Towards a cognitive neuroscience of
consciousness: Basic evidence and a workspace framework. Cognition,
79:1--37, 2001. [PDF ]
Stanislas Dehaene and Jean-Pierre Changeux.
Neural
mechanisms for access to consciousness. In The Cognitive Neurosciences,
Michael Gazzaniga,
3rd edition, 2004. [PDF ]
Other
chapters on the cognitive neuroscience of consciousness can be found in :
Stanislas Dehaene (Ed) The cognitive neuroscience
of consciousness. MIT Press, 2001.
Experiments on subliminal
processing
Over the years, we have used
subliminal priming with masked numbers and words as a major tool to study
non-conscious processing using both psychological and brain-imaging methods. We
continue to use subliminal processing to infer the depth of non-conscious
processing and thus to obtain a “mirror image”, as it were, of the cognitive
operations that require consciousness.
Results up to 2003 were summarized
in an accessible review:
Stanislas Dehaene. The neural
bases of subliminal priming. In Functional Neuroimaging of visual
cognition (Attention and performance Series, 20). Nancy Kanwisher & John Duncan,
2003. [PDF ]
Here is
a list of papers from our laboratory that studied subliminal processing.
Most important papers appear in RED:
Kimihiro Nakamura,
Stanislas Dehaene, Antoinette Jobert, Denis Le Bihan, and Sid Kouider. Subliminal convergence of kanji
and kana words: further evidence for functional parcellation of the posterior temporal cortex in
visual word perception..
J Cogn Neurosci, 17(6):954-68, June 2005. [WWW ] [PDF ]
Antoine DelCul,
Stanislas Dehaene, and Marion Leboyer. Preserved subliminal processing
and impaired conscious access in schizophrenia.. Arch Gen Psychiatry,
63(12):1313--1323, December 2006. [WWW ] [PDF ]
Raphaël Gaillard, Antoine DelCul, Lionel Naccache, Fabien Vinckier, Laurent Cohen, and Stanislas Dehaene. Nonconscious
semantic processing of emotional words modulates conscious access.. Proc Natl Acad Sci
U S A, April 2006. [WWW ] [PDF ]
Keywords: 16648261. [Abstract]
Raphaël Gaillard, Lionel Naccache, Philippe Pinel, Stéphane
Clémenceau, Emmanuelle Volle, Dominique Hasboun, Sophie Dupont,
Michel Baulac, Stanislas Dehaene, Claude Adam, and Laurent Cohen. Direct intracranial, FMRI, and lesion
evidence for the causal role of left inferotemporal
cortex in reading..
Neuron, 50(2):191--204, April 2006. [WWW ] [PDF ]
Lionel
Naccache, Stanislas
Dehaene, Laurent
Cohen, Marie-Odile Habert, Elodie
Guichart-Gomez, Damien Galanaud, and Jean-Claude Willer. Effortless control: executive attention and
conscious feeling of mental effort are dissociable.. Neuropsychologia,
43(9):1318-1328, 2005. [WWW] [PDF]
[Abstract]
Lionel Naccache,
Raphaël Gaillard, Claude Adam, Dominique Hasboun, Stéphane Clémenceau, Michel
Baulac, Stanislas
Dehaene, and Laurent
Cohen. A direct intracranial record of emotions evoked by subliminal
words.. Proc
Natl Acad Sci U S A, 102(21):7713-7, May 2005. [WWW] [PDF]
[Abstract]
Lionel
Naccache, Louis Puybasset, Raphaël
Gaillard, Emilie Serve, and Jean-Claude Willer.
Auditory mismatch negativity is a good predictor of awakening in comatose
patients: a fast and reliable procedure.. Clin
Neurophysiol, 116(4):988-9, April 2005. [WWW] [PDF]
Kimihiro Nakamura, Stanislas
Dehaene, Antoinette
Jobert, Denis Le Bihan, and Sid Kouider. Subliminal convergence of kanji and kana words: further evidence
for functional parcellation of the posterior temporal
cortex in visual word perception.. J Cogn Neurosci,
17(6):954-68, June 2005. [WWW]
[PDF]
[Abstract]
Claire Sergent, Sylvain Baillet, and Stanislas Dehaene. Timing of the brain
events underlying access to consciousness during the attentional
blink.. Nat Neurosci, September 2005. [WWW] [PDF]
[Abstract]
Claire Sergent and Stanislas Dehaene. Is consciousness a gradual phenomenon ? Evidence for an all-or-none
bifurcation during the attentional blink. {Psychological
Science}, 2004. [PDF ]
Stanislas Dehaene, Antoinette Jobert, Lionel Naccache, Philippe Ciuciu, Jean-Baptiste
Poline, Denis
LeBihan, and Laurent Cohen. Letter binding and invariant
recognition of masked words: Behavioral and neuroimaging
evidence. {Psychological Science}, 2004. [PDF ]
Stanislas Dehaene, Eric Artiges, Lionel Naccache, C. Martelli,
A. Viard, F. Schürhoff, C. Recasens, M.-L. Paillère-Martinot, M.
Leboyer, and Jean-Luc Martinot.
Conscious and subliminal conflicts in normal subjects and patients with
schizophrenia: The role of the anterior cingulate. {Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences
USA},
100(23):13722-13727, 2003. [PDF ]
A. G. Greenwald, R. L. Abrams,
Lionel Naccache, and Stanislas Dehaene. Long-term semantic memory
versus contextual memory in unconscious number processing. {Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and
Cognition}, 29:235--247, 2003. [PDF ]
Lionel Naccache, E Blandin, and Stanislas Dehaene. Unconscious masked priming depends on
temporal attention. Psychological
Science, pp 416--424, 2002. [PDF
]
Stanislas
Dehaene, Lionel
Naccache, Laurent
Cohen, Denis LeBihan, J. F. Mangin,
Jean-Baptiste Poline, and D. Rivière. Cerebral mechanisms of word masking and unconscious
repetition priming. {Nature
Neuroscience}, 4:752--758, 2001. [PDF
]
Lionel Naccache and Stanislas Dehaene. The priming method :
imaging unconscious repetition priming reveals an abstract representation of
number in the parietal lobes. Cerebral Cortex,
11:966--974, 2001. [PDF ]
Lionel Naccache and Stanislas Dehaene. Unconscious semantic priming extends to
novel unseen stimuli. Cognition, 80:215--229,
2001. [PDF ]
Etienne Koechlin, Lionel Naccache, Elizabeth Block, and Stanislas Dehaene. Primed numbers: exploring the modularity of
numerical representations with masked and unmasked priming. {Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and
Performance}, 25:1882--1905, 1999. [PDF ]
Stanislas Dehaene, Lionel Naccache, G. Le Clec'H,
E. Koechlin, M. Mueller, Ghislaine Dehaene-Lambertz, P. F. van de Moortele,
and Denis LeBihan. Imaging unconscious semantic priming. Nature, 395:597--600, 1998. [PDF ]
Modelling
The
following paper first introduced, in a formal model, the “global neuronal
workspace” model of conscious access:
Stanislas Dehaene, M. Kergsberg, and J. P. Changeux. A neuronal
model of a global workspace in effortful cognitive tasks. {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA},
95:14529--14534, 1998. [PDF ]
Two
other more recent paper explored how this model could explain basic data on
conscious data, particularly during the attentional
blink and inattentional blindness:
Stanislas Dehaene and Jean-Pierre
Changeux. Ongoing spontaneous
activity controls access to consciousness: a neuronal model for inattentional blindness.. PLoS Biol,
3(5):e141, May 2005. [WWW]
[PDF]
[Abstract]
Stanislas Dehaene, Claire Sergent, and Jean-Pierre
Changeux. A neuronal network model linking subjective
reports and objective physiological data during conscious perception. {Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences
USA},
100:8520--8525, 2003. [PDF ]
The
workspace model can be seen as the outcome of a long-term modelling project in collaboration
between Stanislas
Dehaene and Jean-Pierre Changeux, aiming at a better
understanding of the contribution of prefrontal cortex to various cognitive
tasks. The general principles guiding this work have been described a long time
ago in :
Jean-Pierre
Changeux and Stanislas Dehaene. Neuronal models of cognitive functions. Cognition,
33:63--109, 1989.
Here are
some more recent and accessible reviews of our modelling work:
Stanislas Dehaene and Jean-Pierre
Changeux. Reward-dependent learning in neuronal networks
for planning and decision making. Progress in Brain Research, 126:217--229, 2000.
T. Gisiger, Stanislas Dehaene, and Jean-Pierre
Changeux. Computational models of association cortex. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 10:250--259, 2000.
Stanislas Dehaene and J. P.
Changeux. Neuronal
models of prefrontal cortical functions. Annals of the
New York Academy of Sciences, 769:305--319,
1996.
And the
original papers:
Stanislas Dehaene and J. P.
Changeux. A hierarchical neuronal network for planning behavior.
{Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA},
94:13293--13298, 1997. [PDF ]
Stanislas Dehaene and Jean-Pierre
Changeux. Development of elementary numerical abilities: A neuronal model. {Journal Cognitive
Neuroscience}, 5:390--407, 1993.
M. kerszberg,
Stanislas Dehaene, and J. P. Changeux. Stabilization
of complex input-output functions in neural clusters formed by synapse selection.
Neural Networks, 5:403--413, 1992.
Stanislas Dehaene and J. P.
Changeux. The
Wisconsin card sorting test
: Theoretical analysis and modelling in a neuronal network. Cerebral Cortex,
1:62--79, 1991.
Stanislas Dehaene and J. P.
Changeux. A simple model of prefrontal cortex function in delayed-response
tasks. Journal of
Cognitive Neuroscience,
1:244--261, 1989
Stanislas Dehaene, Jean-Pierre Changeux, and Jean-Pierre Nadal. Neural networks
that learn temporal sequences by selection. {Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences
USA},
84:2727--2731, 1987.
Jean-Pierre
Nadal, Gérard
Toulouse, Jean-Pierre
Changeux, and Stanislas Dehaene. Networks
of formal neurons and memory palimpsets. Europhysics
Letters, 1:535--542, 1986.
A few other relevant
publications on attention,
decision, error processing
Stanislas Dehaene, M. L. Posner, and D. M. Tucker. Localization
of a neural system for error detection and compensation. Psychological Science, 5:303--305, 1994.
M. I. Posner and Stanislas Dehaene. Attentional networks. {Trends in
Neuroscience}, 17:75--79, 1994.
Stanislas Dehaene. Temporal
oscillations in human perception. {Psychological
Science}, 4:264--270, 1993.
